Voiding dysfunction refers to any abnormality associated with emptying your bladder. Depending on the type of voiding dysfunction, you may or may not be aware of this problem. Some examples include urinary retention, incomplete bladder emptying, double voiding, urinary hesitancy and valsalva (straining) voiding. Causes of voiding problems can be a dropped bladder, previous pelvic surgery, pelvic floor muscle spasm, neurologic disease or a weak bladder muscle.